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| Digital Quantification of Human Eye Color Highlights Genetic Association of Three New Loci |
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Liu, Fan, Andreas Wollstein, Pirro G. Hysi, Georgina A. Ankra-Badu, Timothy D. Spector, Daniel Park, Gu Zhu, et al. "Digital Quantification of Human Eye Color Highlights Genetic Association of Three New Loci." PLoS Genetics 6, no. 5 (May 6, 2010): e1000934. Abstract: We measured human eye color to hue and saturation values from high-resolution, digital, full-eye photographs of several thousand Dutch Europeans. This quantitative approach, which is extremely cost-effective, portable, and time efficient, revealed that human eye color varies along more dimensions than the one represented by the blue-green-brown categories studied previously. Our work represents the first genome-wide study of quantitative human eye color. We clearly identified 3 new loci, LYST, 17q25.3, TTC3/DSCR9, in contributing to the natural and subtle eye color variation along multiple dimensions, providing new leads towards a more detailed understanding of the genetic basis of human eye color. Our quantitative prediction model explained over 50% of eye color variance, representing the highest accuracy achieved so far in genomic prediction of human complex and quantitative traits, with relevance for future forensic applications.
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